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Surrealism Is 100. The World’s Still Surreal.
  + stars: | 2024-02-28 | by ( Nina Siegal | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: 1 min
It’s a fish in the shape of a piano, floating in a clear blue sky, seen through a keyhole. Surrealism, the art movement that gave us disembodied eyeballs, melting clocks and animals with mismatched parts, was born in 1924 when the French poet André Breton published a treatise decrying the vogue for realism and rationality. Breton argued instead for embracing the “omnipotence of dreams” and exploring the unconscious and all that was “marvelous” in life. “The mere word ‘freedom’ is the only one that still excites me,” Breton wrote in his “Surrealist Manifesto.”It was a literary idea that became an art movement and revolutionized nearly all forms of cultural production. It’s now commonplace to call pretty much any weird experience “surreal.”
Persons: André Breton, Breton, ” Breton Locations: French
LONDON (AP) — The European Union on Thursday demanded Meta and TikTok detail their efforts to curb illegal content and disinformation during the Israel-Hamas war, flexing the power of a new law that threatens billions in fines if tech giants fail to do enough to protect users. The commission asked Meta and TikTok to explain the measures they have taken to reduce the risk of spreading and amplifying terrorist and violent content, hate speech and disinformation. It's the prelude to a possible crackdown under the new digital rules, which took effect in August and have made the EU a global leader in reining in Big Tech. The new rules, known as the Digital Services Act, are being put to the test by the Israel-Hamas war. Depending on their responses, Brussels could decide to open formal proceedings against Meta or TikTok and impose fines for “incorrect, incomplete, or misleading information,” the commission said.
Persons: Meta, Elon, Thierry Breton, , ” Breton Organizations: Union, European Commission, Digital Services, DSA, Twitter, Meta Locations: Israel, EU, reining, Big Tech, Brussels
Washington CNN —The European Commission sent a warning letter Friday to Google and its subsidiary YouTube over disinformation and graphic content linked to the Hamas-Israel conflict, in the European Union’s latest effort to scrutinize Big Tech’s handling of the war. The letter from European Commissioner Thierry Breton, addressed to Google CEO Sundar Pichai and also sent to YouTube CEO Neal Mohan, reminded the company about its content moderation obligations under the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA). Breton shared the letter on X.Breton highlighted legal requirements for Google to keep graphic content such as hostage videos away from underage users; to act swiftly when authorities flag content that violates European laws; and to mitigate disinformation. It also warned of possible penalties if a future investigation were to find Google (GOOGL) is not complying with the DSA. Unlike some of those previous letters, however, Breton’s letter to Google does not directly suggest the company has spread misleading or illegal content.
Persons: Thierry Breton, Sundar Pichai, Neal Mohan, Breton, ” Breton, Ivy Choi, ” Choi, , CNN’s Organizations: Washington CNN, European Commission, Google, YouTube, EU’s Digital Services, DSA, CNN Locations: Israel, Brussels, Gaza
CNN —The Israel-Hamas war is sending investors in search of defensive assets. Israel declared war on Hamas Sunday after the Palestinian militant group launched a brutal attack that killed at least 1,300 people. But investors have since bought up shares of virtually risk-free government bonds, indicating that Wall Street remains worried. Utilities, energy and real estate stocks have also outperformed the broader S&P 500 index’s roughly 1% gain this week. In August, a recently passed EU law known as the Digital Services Act went into effect for large online platforms, including the companies Breton addressed this week.
Persons: , George Smith, Bryan Hinmon, Hinmon, hasn’t, TikTok, Shou Zi Chew, Thierry Breton, Brian Fung, Breton, ” Breton, TikTok didn’t, Anna Cooban, ” Russia’s, Andrei Belousov, Read Organizations: CNN Business, Bell, CNN, Stock, Treasury, LPL, Twitter, Meta, Digital Services Locations: Israel, Palestinian, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Ukraine, Chew, Moscow
EU officials warn TikTok over Israel-Hamas disinformation
  + stars: | 2023-10-12 | by ( Brian Fung | ) edition.cnn.com   time to read: +1 min
CNN —EU officials warned TikTok Thursday about “illegal content and disinformation” on its platform linked to the war between Hamas and Israel, calling for CEO Shou Zi Chew to respond within 24 hours. In a letter to Chew, European Commissioner Thierry Breton said failure to comply with European Union laws around content moderation could result in penalties. It is the third such letter Breton has sent to large social media platforms this week, after he sent similar warnings to X, the platform formerly known as Twitter, and Meta. In August, a recently passed EU law known as the Digital Services Act went into effect for large online platforms including the companies Breton addressed this week. Since the war began, Breton wrote, TikTok has reportedly spread graphic videos and misleading content on the platform.
Persons: Shou Zi Chew, Thierry Breton, Breton, TikTok, ” Breton, TikTok didn’t Organizations: CNN, Twitter, Meta, Digital Services Locations: Israel, Chew
As a platform subject to Europe’s Digital Services Act (DSA), X could face billions in fines if regulators conclude that violations have occurred. Much of the problematic content appears to stem from platform changes made under Musk’s supervision, Breton suggested in the letter, which he shared on X. “We have, from qualified sources, reports about potentially illegal content circulating on your service despite flags from relevant authorities,” Breton wrote. The EU letter comes as misinformation about the conflict continues to spread widely across X. On Tuesday, the investigative journalism group Bellingcat said a fake video designed to look like a BBC News report was circulating on social media.
Persons: Elon Musk, Thierry Breton, X didn’t, Breton, X, ” Breton, Porte, Gonzalo Fuentes, , Bellingcat, Elliot Higgins, Shayan, , Musk Organizations: CNN, Europe’s Digital Services, White, DSA, SpaceX, Tesla, Viva Technology, Porte de, Reuters, BBC, BBC News, Pentagon Locations: Israel, Paris, France, EU, Ukraine
European Union official Thierry Breton warned X, Elon Musk’s social-media platform, that it could be violating content-moderation rules under the EU’s Digital Services Act by allowing certain content to be circulated about the conflict between Israel and Hamas. “We have indications that your platform is being used to disseminate illegal content and disinformation in the EU,” Breton wrote in a letter to Musk, who acquired the platform known as Twitter late last year and renamed it X.
Persons: Thierry Breton, X, Elon, , ” Breton, Musk Organizations: EU’s Digital, Twitter Locations: Israel
Washington CNN —TikTok has “more work” to do to meet tough new European standards that are coming for social media and content moderation, according to a top EU official who performed a “stress test” of the company this week. “TikTok is dedicating significant resources to compliance,” Breton said, pointing to changes TikTok has made to its recommendation algorithms and its transparency procedures as evidence the company appears to be taking its obligations seriously. TikTok didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment on the test results. TikTok isn’t the only large tech platform to submit to an EU stress test. Last month, European officials evaluated Twitter’s platform for DSA compliance and also announced plans to stress test Facebook-parent Meta’s services.
Persons: Washington CNN — TikTok, Thierry Breton, Breton, Shou Chew, , ” Breton, TikTok, didn’t Organizations: Washington CNN, EU, Digital Services, European Commission, DSA Locations: Dublin
On Thursday, EU Commissioner Thierry Breton and a team of staff descended on Twitter’s headquarters in San Francisco to perform a “stress test” of the company’s ability to moderate online content. Josh Edelson/AFP/Getty ImagesBreton did not say whether he believes Twitter passed its stress test, but described the session as a “constructive dialogue” that Twitter voluntarily agreed to undertake. “Europe is very important to Twitter and we’re focused on our continued partnership.”In a speech Thursday, Breton said Twitter is not the only company that will be receiving a stress test. “Compliance with European rules is not a punishment. Concerns about Twitter’s ability to handle hate speech, misinformation and other challenges have grown since Musk’s purchase of the company last year.
Persons: Thierry Breton, , ” Breton, Elon Musk, Josh Edelson, Breton, Twitter, , Linda Yaccarino, we’re, Sundar Pichai, Mark Zuckerberg, Sam Altman, Jensen Huang Organizations: CNN, European Union, Twitter, Facebook, Digital Services, DSA, Internal, Getty, , , Nvidia Locations: San Francisco, San Francisco , California, AFP, “ Europe, Europe
CNN —A top European Union official plans to confront Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg in an in-person meeting over reports this week that the company has failed to prevent the spread of child sexual abuse material on its platform. Thierry Breton, a European commissioner who has led the charge on regulating digital platforms, will visit Meta’s California headquarters on June 23 and plans to raise the matter with Zuckerberg personally, he tweeted Thursday. “#Meta’s voluntary code on child protection seems not to work,” Breton said. “Child exploitation is a horrific crime,” the spokesperson said. A spokesperson for the European Commission didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
Persons: Mark Zuckerberg, Thierry Breton, Zuckerberg, ” Breton, “ Mark Zuckerberg, Breton, Meta didn’t, Instagram, , Organizations: CNN, European Union, Digital Services, Meta, Wall Street Journal, Stanford University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, San, European Commission Locations: Meta’s California, San Francisco, California
Irwin has not addressed the reasons for her departure, but the move coincided with the company’s content moderation dispute with the Daily Wire, a conservative outlet. But the sudden and unexpected vacancy at Twitter could leave the company without a key content moderation official at a sensitive moment. That law, known as the Digital Services Act, will require so-called “very large online platforms” including Twitter to abide by tough content moderation standards by as early as August. For months, as Musk has increasingly welcomed more incendiary speech onto the platform Twitter had previously restricted, EU officials have been reminding Twitter of its content moderation obligations under the DSA. The warnings have also come amid mass layoffs at the company that have eliminated entire teams, including much of its content moderation staff.
Persons: Elon Musk, Twitter’s, Ella Irwin, Irwin, Jeremy Boreing, Musk, it’s, It’s, , Thierry Breton, ” Breton, Linda Yaccarino Organizations: CNN, Twitter, European Union, Reuters, Daily, Twitter’s San, Digital Services, DSA, Services, Trust, Safety, European Commission, Companies Locations: Twitter’s, Twitter’s San Francisco
London CNN —Elon Musk’s decision to suddenly ban prominent tech journalists from Twitter is fanning a fierce backlash in Europe. Germany warned of the impact on press freedom, while a senior EU official said Twitter must comply with the bloc’s rules or face possible sanctions. “The EU’s Digital Services Act requires respect of media freedom and fundamental rights. European leaders previously said they were watching how Musk’s takeover of Twitter would affect the platform. Thierry Breton, a top EU official, warned Musk in late November that the social media platform must take significant steps to comply with the bloc’s content moderation laws.
Twitter has “huge work ahead” to meet its obligations under the Digital Services Act, Europe’s new platform regulation, said Thierry Breton, the EU’s digital chief, in a readout of his meeting with Musk. European commissioner for internal market Thierry Breton (L) attends the weekly College meeting at the European Commission headquarters in Brussels, Belgium on November 9, 2022. The meeting between Breton and Musk follows an earlier discussion the two had in May in which Musk expressed support for the European regulations. In addition to EU scrutiny, Musk’s Twitter could also face additional pressure at home. Yellen added that it could be appropriate for the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to review Musk’s Twitter takeover.
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